Guides
Same mineral family, different colour markets. Red is ruby; every other corundum colour is sapphire.
Chemically, ruby and sapphire are both corundum. Trade language splits them by colour: red for ruby, everything else for sapphire (including pink and padparadscha debates at the boundary).


Fine ruby often costs more per carat than blue sapphire of similar size because top red material is scarce. Treatment frequency is high for both — read the report.
Carat Mate also lists certified coloured gemstones (ruby, sapphire, emerald, and more) under /gemstones. Request a specific stone for viewing, then pay and ship to the United States, Canada, the UAE, London, or Australia. Prices are USD.
